Eritrea, officially the State of Eritrea, is a country located in the Horn of Africa. It is bordered by Sudan to the west, Ethiopia to the south, and Djibouti to the southeast, with a long coastline along the Red Sea to the east and northeast. Covering an area of approximately 117,600 square kilometers, Eritrea is known for its diverse geography, which includes coastal plains, mountainous highlands, and the Danakil Depression, one of the hottest places on Earth. The capital city, Asmara, is renowned for its well-preserved Italian colonial architecture and vibrant cultural scene. Eritrea's climate varies from arid in the lowlands to temperate in the highlands, supporting a range of agricultural activities such as millet, sorghum, and teff cultivation, as well as livestock farming. The economy is primarily based on agriculture, mining (including gold, copper, and zinc), and fishing, with emerging sectors in manufacturing and services. Tourism is a growing industry, attracting visitors to its historical sites like the ancient city of Qohaito, the stunning Dahlak Archipelago, and the bustling markets of Asmara. Eritrea's official languages are Tigrinya, Arabic, and English, reflecting its multicultural society composed of various ethnic groups such as the Tigrinya, Tigre, and Afar. Eritrean culture is a rich tapestry of indigenous traditions and external influences, evident in its music, dance, art, and cuisine. The country celebrates numerous cultural festivals, including the Independence Day celebrations and traditional dances that showcase its diverse heritage. Eritrean cuisine is characterized by dishes like injera (a sourdough flatbread), zigni (spicy stew), and various seafood specialties along the coast. The nation is committed to preserving its natural landscapes and cultural heritage, with efforts to promote sustainable development and environmental conservation. Despite challenges related to political stability and economic development, Eritrea remains a resilient nation with a unique blend of history, culture, and natural beauty, offering a captivating experience for both residents and visitors alike.

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